High Desert Museum: High Desert Homestead Ranch

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Visit the Homestead Ranch Farm Animals

 Homestead Ranch Heirloom Farm Animals


Noah the Toggenburg Milch Goat

Noah the Goat

 

From the earliest periods of exploration comes this favorite of colonists, pioneers and sea captains.  In their early history hardy alpine goats such as these could be deposited on islands along the way by ocean going explorers and on the return voyages, picked up again for milk and meat to make their voyage home.  When the first colonists journeyed to North America, they selected milch goats for these very reasons. Captain John Smith brought milch goats to Jamestown Settlement. By 1630 these goats were listed in records as very valuable to the colony. Between the1590's to 1700 the Germanic and Spanish breeds were cross bred and produced a common American goat.

Plymouth Rock Chickens

The Plymouth Rock was first established in 1829 Boston. Later, Barred Plymouth Rocks were first exhibited in 1869 at Worcester, Massachusetts. These were a cross breed of 3-4 pre-existing breeds. The Plymouth Rock line was first recognized as a distinct breed and was admitted to the first American Standard of Excellence, in 1874. These would be very popular chickens in 1880 for meat and eggs. 

White Leghorn Chickens

chickens

Named after the area of Italy where they are from, this breed arrived in the United States via Spanish sailing ships from 1835 to 1853, sold as surplus along the waterfronts. Known for there ability to produce more eggs than other chicken breeds, the White Leghorn became an American favorite very quickly. The Willamette valley hatchery which furnished our Chickens, sold its first run of chicks in the Mid 1880s, which these very birds are descended from.  These chickens' primary duty for the Blairs are as egg layers.

 

Our Mustangs, Sundance and Sierra

Note: As of fall 2009, our mustangs are wintering on a farm where they can roam freely and forage.

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Mustangs are actually feral horses. This means they are descended from domestic animals that have escaped  and returned to a wild state of being. North America’s indigenous horses had long been extinct around 8,000 years ago. Our mustangs were collected off the High Desert in south-central Oregon in Lake County. Because of the demand for horses in both ranching and in urban areas as transportation during the 19th century, horses such as Sundance and Sierra were collected and shipped to markets at The Dalles and Baker City Oregon, Boise Idaho, and the transcontinental railhead at Winnemucca Nevada.  From there, they were shipped east and west to buyers in towns and cattle outfits. Such is the business of the Blair Ranch.

Horses were first released in the late 17th century in what is present day New Mexico. Then over time they migrated and were traded by native tribes hand over hand as a valuable resource. By 1750 it is thought the first tribes of the High Desert received their first horses through raids and trading with other tribes.

The first explorers and pioneers traveling across the land also lost animals or abandoned horses, mules and cattle. From 1860-1890 pioneers from all over the west had come to collect theses unclaimed animals and make their living of the basin and range utilizing this wild stock a means of making a living.

One of the most famous of the Mustang breeds is the Kiger, characterized by a tan body and dark flowing main and tail and unusual striped back markings. Of Spanish bloodlines, these animals can still be found today roaming in southeastern Oregon, the Steens Mountains and the gorge that bears their name to this day.